คำสอน · พระอาจารย์สุรพงค์Teaching · Pra Ajarn Suraphong
พระโพธิสัตว์ผู้เจริญเมตตาธรรมจนได้เป็นพระเจ้าจักรพรรดิ และสังคมในยุคที่ปราศจากสงครามThe Bodhisattva Who Became a Universal Monarch Through Loving-Kindness — and a Society Without War
พระอาจารย์สุรพงค์เล่าเรื่องพระโพธิสัตว์ในกาลก่อนที่เจริญเมตตาธรรมจนได้เข้าถึงฌานสมาบัติ ไปเกิดในพรหมโลก แล้วกลับมาเกิดเป็นพระเจ้าจักรพรรดิ พร้อมพรรณนาสังคมในยุคนั้นที่ผู้คนตั้งอยู่ในศีลธรรม ไม่มีความอัตคัดขัดสน เอื้อเฟื้อเกื้อกูลกัน จนสงครามไม่มีเลย พร้อมคำสอนเรื่องกายเวทนาจิตธรรมและการนำเจริญสมาธิภาวนาเต็มรูปแบบPhra Ajarn Suraphong tells of a Bodhisattva of old who cultivated loving-kindness to the point of reaching the jhānic attainments, was reborn in the Brahma realm, and then returned to become a Universal Monarch (Chakravartin) — describing a society where people lived by virtue, wanted for nothing, helped one another freely, and war simply did not exist. The talk also covers body, feeling, mind, and Dhamma, and leads a complete guided sit.
Practicing the is essential and vitally important to every life, because we live under the control of three forces of nature. Only system benefits us — , , , rightness, goodness, and progress. Any other system offers no happiness or progress and, worse, brings much suffering and harm, if that force is unwholesome. To abide with the wholesome system, the Lord Buddha taught the assembly of monks: "Monks, you should clearly determine and know body, feeling, mind, and mental phenomena, in order to remove covetousness and grief regarding the world." We need to hold this sentence firmly in mind.
Determining: Fixing Attention on the Body and on the Mind
The Buddha taught the monastic assembly to determine — to mark, to specify, to fix. Wherever we mark, the mind goes there; we place the mind there and specify it. When we specify, the mind receives and is set exactly at that position. He gave two places to fix this determination: body and mind. For the body, we fix our attention somewhere to perceive — such as the breath in , some part of the body, the whole body, or at . For the mind, there are three: feeling, mind (thought), and Dhamma (mental phenomena).
Feeling: Pleasure, Suffering, and the Indeterminate — Different From Equanimity
Feeling is the outer layer of the mind, its very first layer. When any force possesses the mind, the heart perceives that force's quality. If wholesomeness holds the seat, we feel pleasure, ease. If unwholesomeness holds the seat, we feel suffering — a state that must be endured, hard to endure. But if the force is indeterminate (), we feel a strange neutrality — not quite good, not quite bad — different from the neutrality of equanimity, which balances the mind, free of liking and disliking.
Mind: The Split-Second Contest Between Wholesome, Unwholesome, and Indeterminate
Beyond feeling, there is mind — thought. Whichever force possesses the mind brings its own consciousness to overlay our heart, upgrading — or degrading — the human mind accordingly. Whether our thoughts and feelings turn out right or wrong depends on which force wins that moment's contest. This contest happens astonishingly fast — within a hundredth, a thousandth, a ten-thousandth, a hundred-thousandth, even a millionth of a second — switching back and forth continuously. That is why wholesome, unwholesome, and indeterminate states seem to arise simultaneously, when in fact they occur at different instants, simply too fast to distinguish.
The Purpose: Removing Covetousness and Grief Through Tatramajjhattatā
In cultivating , the Buddha gave the purpose: to eliminate covetousness and grief regarding the world — to remove delight and sorrow. These must be removed because force uses liking and disliking, delight and sorrow, as the very lever to provoke greed and anger. When we take delight in some object, the unwholesome force steers us toward greed for it; when we're displeased, it steers us toward irritation — all so it can draw in energy that is demeritorious.
When we let go of liking and disliking, of delight and sorrow, we settle instead into the wholesome state needed to remove them: equanimity, or the tatramajjhattatā, which closely resembles equanimity and is its foundation. Keeping the mind neutral — neither pleased nor displeased — brings balance, and sustaining that balance continuously brings steadiness. Other mental factors — , faith, tatramajjhattatā, along with conscience, shame of wrongdoing, non-greed, non-hatred, non-delusion — all arising together with a wholesome mind, work together to draw pure merit-energy flowing continuously into the sphere of mindfulness, refining the weaker mental factors, such as lightness of body and mind and gentle suppleness, into greater clarity.
How to Sit: Meditating at the Center of the Body
Simply by determining and knowing, continuously aware, aware of what we're aware of, the sphere of knowing — — arises, and the sphere of not-knowing — avijjā — falls away. Once arisen, sati draws pure energy, together with refined treasures and the wish-fulfilling pattern, flowing in continuously. We can fix our meditation at the center of the body — level with the navel, two finger-widths up. When we settle there, two lines appear, crossing to form an X, the seat where a sphere or a crystal Buddha image will appear. We then recite "Sammā Arahaṃ" continuously, determining and knowing, letting the sphere of knowing arise. Once it arises, perception must follow — we direct sati to perceive whatever we have marked. Once arisen, the sphere of knowing draws the pure energy called merit to flow through that area, making it bright and clear. As we enter the inner dimension, sati automatically transforms into , perceiving the inner states continuously.
The Stream of Merit and Liberation From Coarse Dimensions
The sphere of knowing draws in pure energy together with refined treasures and the wish-fulfilling pattern. This pure energy, merit, sustains the wholesome system, refining and purifying the elements within us. As purity increases, we are freed from what binds and tethers us to coarse dimensions, liberated into finer ones. Once we have practiced for the great benefit of our own life, we move on to practice for the benefit of all beings.
Radiating Loving-Kindness Across the World and the Universe
Let us wish well for all people and beings: may all beings, our companions in birth, aging, sickness, and death, be free from suffering and find happiness everywhere. May those with much suffering have less; those with little suffering be free of it; those with little happiness have more; those already happy grow even happier. Then let the mind, imbued with this , expand to cover our home, our village, sub-district, district, province, our country and neighboring countries, until it covers the whole world, making it a crystal world — radiant, cool, clean, pure. May the people of the world and all beings — earth-bound devas, sky devas, celestial beings of every heaven, Brahmas, formless Brahmas, and even hell-beings, hungry ghosts, and animals — be free from suffering and find happiness everywhere. Extend further, covering countless stars out to the boundless universe. Our hearts open, light, at ease — clear, cool, clean, pure. Loving-kindness shines within the hearts of people and beings, dispelling resentment and irritation entirely; wholesome nature takes up residence, drawing pure energy to refine the elements, freeing beings continuously from one dimension to a finer one.
Loving-kindness also purifies all things — earth, water, air, sky, clouds and mist, streams, rivers, ponds, canals, seas and oceans, mountains and forests, and buildings and belongings — making the environment fit for the dwelling of all beings. Much good arises every time we cultivate loving-kindness. Whoever benefits the world and the universe can draw on the treasures of the world and the universe in turn.
The Bodhisattva Who Became a Universal Monarch
So it was with a Bodhisattva of old. Born into the world, he benefited beings greatly — people, animals, and the environment alike — purifying them through loving-kindness, sustaining this benefit until the end of his life, reaching the jhānic attainments. When he closed his eyes and left the world, he was born into the Brahma realm, attaining the highest status of Great Brahma for a very long span there. When that life in the Brahma realm ended, he returned to be born in the human world once more — this time attaining the status of a Universal Monarch (Chakravartin), able to use the treasures of the world and the universe to benefit people and beings, so they lived at ease, in happiness, like the inhabitants of heaven.
The Society of That Era
The people of that time abided in fine moral . There was no destitution or want of any kind. They were generous and helped one another freely, their hearts filled with goodness — and so, war simply did not exist. Let us therefore cultivate loving-kindness diligently.
Dedicating Merit and Merging With the Pure Element of Merit
Settling, still, within the brightness of loving-kindness, the stream of merit continues pouring in within its radiance. We dedicate this merit to all beings, that they share in what we have rightly performed and be free from suffering, finding happiness everywhere. We settle, still, within the stream of merit as it continues to pour in, within the happiness and purity of the merit-element, settling into the center of the Triple Gem — the Buddha-jewel, the Dhamma-jewel, the Saṅgha-jewel — merging with them as one. We are the crystal Buddha image; the crystal Buddha image is us.
Every day, after finishing our duties, we come to meditate and cultivate loving-kindness for the benefit of ourselves and all beings, then merge our body, speech, and mind, made clear and pure, as one with the pure merit-element, and merge ourselves with the Triple Gem as one. Let us recognize with deep gratitude the boundless goodness of the Triple Gem, which supports us at every moment, day and night, whether we are asleep, awake, standing, walking, sitting, or lying down — never ceasing to watch over, refine, and draw pure merit-energy to flow through our body and mind toward purity and liberation. The one thing they ask of us is that we merge with them as one, so they can support us to the fullest.
Merging With Our Teachers and With Nibbāna
Settle, still, into the center of our Great Teachers — into the finest Dhamma-body of our late Grand Master, of our Great Teacher, and of Khun Yay Āchān. As we recall them, we appear radiant within them, and they appear radiant within us; together we appear radiant within the center of Nibbāna — the center of the knowers whose power is beyond measure, uncountable as the sands. The Fully Enlightened Buddha already holds all beings within him. Whoever abides in universal goodness has the stream of merit flow through them continuously, appearing radiant within the center of Nibbāna, just as it does for us now. Nibbāna draws that flowing merit-element to refine the elements within us and all beings, connecting the thread of merit and fortune and adjusting the path ahead, so that we may live and reap happiness, success, and fulfillment easily.
Setting the Wish-Fulfilling Intention and the Closing Dedication
As they benefit us, let us make our resolve, setting the wish-fulfilling intention fixed within this radiant sphere of merit, to accompany us throughout our path of accumulating perfections — that our lives be transformed by knowledge together with happiness and purity, and complete with success and fulfillment in everything right and good. We pay respect and ask for the blessing, radiance, power, and authority of Nibbāna throughout all elements and all Dhamma, and for the blessings of our late Grand Master, Great Teacher, and Khun Yay Āchān — may this merit combine with the merit we have sincerely accumulated since our first existence, becoming sacred and potent, purifying our body, speech, mind, and every element, freeing us from calamity, sin, the results of past kamma, and every obstacle; may greed, hatred, delusion, lust, , wrong view, craving, and clinging be entirely extinguished; may we gain the Dhamma-eye and fully penetrate the knowledge of the Dhamma-body, attaining the three knowledges, the eight knowledges, the six higher powers, the four analytical s, the eight liberations, and the fifteen conducts, in full.
May we have strong health and long life to accumulate merit and perfections throughout our lives, resolve unfailing, directed straight toward Nibbāna. Wherever we travel, may we meet only good fortune and safety. When the time comes to close our eyes and leave this world, may we be born in the Tusita Heaven, in the special realm of Bodhisattvas-to-be; and returning to build perfections in the human world, may we be born into a family of right view, a crystal family, a Dhamma-body family, studying the knowledge of the Dhamma-body correctly and truthfully from youth to the end of our lives. May any unwholesome kamma from the past be forgiven, and may all merit sincerely accumulated bear fruit continuously; may all these good wishes be fulfilled, by the boundless power of every Fully Enlightened Buddha. May it be so.