คำสอน · พระอาจารย์สุรพงค์Teaching · Pra Ajarn Suraphong
เบื่อ เซ็ง เครียด รำคาญ: อาการเหล่านี้คืออารมณ์ของอกุศลเอง และทำไมช่วงแรกของการปฏิบัติจึงเป็น "สงคราม" ที่ต้องอดทนBored, Gloomy, Stressed, Annoyed: These Feelings Are the Unwholesome's Own Emotions, and Why the Start of Practice Is a "War" That Must Be Endured
พระอาจารย์สุรพงค์ชี้ว่าอารมณ์เบื่อ กลุ้ม เซ็ง เครียด รำคาญ เหนื่อยหน่าย ท้อแท้ สิ้นหวัง หดหู่ ฟุ้งซ่าน อึดอัดคับแค้นใจ ล้วนเป็น "อารมณ์ของอกุศลเอง" ที่ซ้อนจิตในจิตของเรา และอธิบายว่าความรู้สึกฝืนเหลือเกินในช่วงแรกของการปฏิบัติธรรมคือสงครามแย่งชิงเวลาคืนจากฝ่ายอกุศลและอัพยากตะที่ต้องอาศัยความอดทน ก่อนนำเข้าสู่การเจริญสมาธิภาวนาเต็มรูปแบบPhra Ajarn Suraphong points out that feelings of boredom, gloom, stress, irritation, exhaustion, discouragement, hopelessness, and restlessness are the unwholesome nature's own emotions superimposed onto our mind, and explains that the friction we feel at the start of practice is a literal war to reclaim time from the unwholesome and the neutral, requiring real endurance, before leading a full guided sit.
Practicing to Dwell With the Triple Gem and Nibbāna
Practice is training ourselves to dwell with the Triple Gem, to dwell with Nibbāna, by training ourselves to align with system. For the Triple Gem and Nibbāna to be superimposed, radiant, within the center of our body, drawing the pure stream of merit to flow in, we must dwell within the wholesome system — and only the wholesome system.
We can tell whether we're dwelling within the wholesome system simply by checking whether we have or not — that's all. Do we know our own body? What are we aware of? Clear knowing means mindfulness — the ability to recall, and to actually direct and command our actions. It isn't enough to merely be aware without being able to direct anything at all.
The Catalogue of Negative Emotions: the Signature of Unwholesome Possession
If we cannot carry out a wholesome cause, we're left merely aware while side drags us off into idle wandering, killing time, leading us into unfitting conduct of body, speech, and mind. Suddenly our thoughts and feelings turn to boredom, gloom, stress, irritation, exhaustion, discouragement, hopelessness, depression, restlessness, agitation, confusion, and burning frustration.
When feelings like these appear, it means the unwholesome has possessed the mind. This is literally his emotion — the unwholesome's own emotion. How could his emotion suddenly appear if he weren't superimposed on us? For his emotion to appear, he must be superimposed — mind-in-mind, -in-dhamma — his dhamma layered down into our own mind, into our own heart.
Good Feelings Vanish Entirely: the Sign We Have Left the Wholesome System
Good feelings — relaxation, freedom, coolness, comfort of body and mind, spaciousness, ease, fullness, brightness, freshness, clarity, coolness, , softness, gentleness, tenderness — all these good feelings vanish completely, and we cannot even recall them. If this is happening, it is a sign that we are no longer within the wholesome system.
"War": Why the Start of Practice Feels So Much Like Resistance
But isn't practicing meditation supposed to mean dwelling within the wholesome system? So why is this feeling absent? Practicing is dwelling within the wholesome system, aiming to train ourselves to abide there — so why does it feel like such resistance? It's because the time that the unwholesome and neutral natures used to own, we are now trying to claim for the wholesome — and they will not simply yield. Both sides search for a way to seize it back, and so a struggle, a clash, arises.
Every struggle, every war, brings with it — the state that must be endured. So we must push through and endure it. Once we hold complete, undivided control, comfort arises. To dwell within the wholesome system, letting our body become the seat of the Triple Gem and Nibbāna, we must determine our knowing, knowing always without lapsing. We might lapse occasionally — that's fine — but we must know what we are knowing right now.
The Buddha's Teaching: "You Must Determine and Know"
The Buddha taught the monks: "Bhikkhus, you should determine and know clearly body, feeling, mind, and dhamma, in order to abandon covetousness and grief toward the world." He taught that we must determine — it cannot be left undetermined, and it cannot determine itself on its own. If we don't determine it, the other systems — the unwholesome and the neutral — will determine it for us instead, commanding the mind to do this or that according to their own wishes.
So we must determine. Whenever the wholesome system is superimposed — if we fail to determine, the wholesome system gets seized by the other side, taking control and command instead. We must therefore determine our knowing always without lapsing, at all times. Train to determine at all times. Determined knowing — knowing is mindfulness. Determine, simply know first — that is mindfulness. The moment we determine our knowing, recollection arises.
Mindfulness and Clear Comprehension: the Headlight Analogy
What do we want to know? Know our own body, know the breath, or know feeling, thought, or whatever we must determine clearly. Once determined, know always without lapsing. The moment we determine our knowing, mindfulness grasps and registers that meditation object; the mind has mindfulness to hold onto, a resting place, a dwelling in dhamma. That's simply determined knowing — but to penetrate into the substance of that state requires (), drilling into the details of the state.
Perceiving the details of that state is like driving at night: the headlights illuminate only what's ahead, and the car can only move as far as the light reaches — we see only that much, advancing bit by bit, five meters, ten meters at a time, perceiving whatever state appears. Know always without lapsing, attending and perceiving the recitation and the mental image together, which are always paired. When we utter the name "sammā-arahaṃ," the Buddha image appears, superimposed at the center of our body.
The Wholesome Sphere: Bright and Clear, Bringing Happiness and Ease
Once the sphere of knowing is established, the sphere of not-knowing — — falls away. This sphere of knowing, being a wholesome sphere, has the quality of clarity and brightness — a property of the wholesome dhamma. When it appears at the heart, the heart becomes clear, following the nature of the wholesome sphere. But when it's an unwholesome sphere, the heart turns dark and suffering arises instead. Beyond its quality of clarity and brightness, the wholesome sphere also brings and ease.
Once the sphere of knowing arises — the sphere that comes through mindfulness — it draws in the pure energy called merit to flow continuously. This pure energy, once it flows in, purifies the defilement that creates problems and obstacles in the many forms of . When the sphere of knowing fades — when we're careless and mindfulness lapses — the pure energy stops flowing, and ignorance rises to take its place instead. The wholesome system itself must seize the seat as ruler of the house and release us from this — only then can we continue.
The Triple Gem Appearing Radiant Within: the Wonder of the Ordinary Person
Mindfulness can only arise once the wholesome system is established — the Triple Gem appearing bright within the center of our body, Nibbāna superimposed within us — only then can we be released from imprisonment in the other side's dimension. This is the wonder available to any ordinary person who dwells within the wholesome system: the Triple Gem appears bright within, Nibbāna is superimposed within us at all times, and the radiant stream of merit together with the stream of fortune flows continuously through the center of our body.
Whatever wholesome cause we perform, whatever goodness we establish, the Triple Gem appears radiant, Nibbāna appears bright within us — regardless of whether that person follows Buddhism or any religion at all. As long as one stands on universal goodness, with a correct and decent conscience, the Triple Gem appears bright within, and Nibbāna is superimposed, radiant, refining and correcting that person's dhamma-elements to purity and cleanliness.
The Stream of Merit and Dedicating Merit to Our Ancestors
Know always without lapsing so the sphere of knowing can continue drawing in pure energy together with the stream of fortune. As the stream of merit continues flowing through the center of our body, we dedicate this merit to our ancestors, who wait in the other realm, anxious, wondering when their descendants born into the human world will perform good deeds and send merit to them. Now that merit has arisen for us, we dedicate this merit to our ancestors, our parents, siblings, grandparents, and the teachers who have helped us, together with the guardian devas who assist us, and all beings we may have wronged, our karmic counterparts (คู่กรรมคู่เวร) — asking for mutual forgiveness, that they too may share fully in this merit.
Radiating Loving-Kindness to All Beings and the Universe
Having dedicated this merit, we wish well for the whole world and all beings. Our revered teacher taught us to draw on the heart of a mother, her goodwill toward her small child, letting this sphere of — a sphere of great strength, great clarity, and great brightness, able to draw in a powerful, refined, pure energy — arise, and then extend it toward the whole world and all beings.
May all beings be free from suffering and find happiness together; may those with much suffering have less, those with little suffering be free of it entirely, those with little happiness have more, and those already happy grow happier still. We extend this heart, filled with , to cover our home. The light of mettā can dissolve the resentment in the hearts of people and all beings until it fades away completely. We extend it further, across the village, sub-district, district, province, throughout Thailand and neighboring countries, until it embraces the whole world, making it a crystal world, clear, pure, and radiant.
May the whole world and all beings — the earth-dwelling devas, tree devas, sky devas, celestial beings of every heaven, the brahma and formless-brahma realms, together with the denizens of hell, the hungry ghosts, and the animal realm — be free from suffering and find happiness together. We extend it further still, into the vastness of the universe, embracing countless stars throughout the ten thousand world-systems and the infinite cosmos, without limit.
Resting in the Triple Gem and the Closing Aspiration
We rest the mind, still, in the center of the Triple Gem — the Buddha jewel, the jewel, the Sangha jewel — and in the center of the great teachers who watch over our merit and Dhamma at all times, resting in the center of Nibbāna, in the center of the knowing ones of boundless power, countless as the grains beyond measure, in the center of every Buddha, every Paccekabuddha, and every Arahant. We rest still in their center, radiant within them, as they appear radiant within us, taking our seeing, remembering, thinking, knowing, and our earth, water, wind, fire, space, and consciousness elements, refining them to clarity and purity, connecting us to a lineage of merit and fortune.
We take this opportunity, in this auspicious moment, to ask their blessing, setting an aspiration for a to arise both now and in the future, so our entire path of building perfections is filled with , happiness, and purity, fulfilling every righteous wish, closing with a Pali chant of dedication.